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  • A village on a corner of the Interoceanic Highway in the Amazon.
    IOH_Document_QL-35.tif
  • Wooden church from Dragomiresti village.  35m high spire. Built: 1722. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-14.jpg
  • Corner joint of Wooden church from Dragomiresti village.  35m high spire. Built: 1722. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-13.jpg
  • Wooden church from Dragomiresti village.  35m high spire. Built: 1722. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-12.jpg
  • Wooden church from Dragomiresti village.  35m high spire. Built: 1722. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-11.jpg
  • Half buried subterranian house Draghiceni, Olt. Built C19. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-27.jpg
  • Half buried subterranian house with thatched roof an soak walls and frame house Castranova, Dolj. At the entrance two special beams "cosorbi" with two extended outer ends in the form of horse heads were aimed at defending the house from evil spirits. The house design evolved to combat the harsh winds and big temperature difference between summer and winter. Built C19. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-25.jpg
  • Half buried subterranian house with thatched roof and oak walls and frame house Castranova, Dolj. At the entrance two special beams "cosorbi" with two extended outer ends in the form of horse heads were aimed at defending the house from evil spirits. The house design evolved to combat the harsh winds and big temperature difference between summer and winter. Built C19. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-23.jpg
  • Carved rams on fence in Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-20.jpg
  • Door detail from thatched and painted vernacular house Dumitra, Alba. Built: c19. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-18.jpg
  • Door of Thatched wooden vernacular shed / stables from Surdesti, Maramures.  Built: c17. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-17.jpg
  • Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-16.jpg
  • Carved Wooden vernacular shed door detail built by "Pasco of the Salaje" (county Salaj) in 1775, Berbesti, Maramures. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-10.jpg
  • Wooden vernacular house built by "Pasco of the Salaje" (county Salaj) in 1775. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-08.jpg
  • Wooden vernacular shed and stable built by "Pasco of the Salaje" (county Salaj) in 1775. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-05.jpg
  • Tree shadows on a wooden vernacular house from. Naruja, Vrancea. Built C19. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-04.jpg
  • Tree shadows on a wooden vernacular house from. Naruja, Vrancea. Built C19. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-03.jpg
  • St Nicholas Wooden church, from Boncea, Timiseni, Girj. Built from oak beams in 1773. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-02.jpg
  • Half buried subterranian house Draghiceni, Olt. Built C19. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-26.jpg
  • Half buried subterranian house with thatched roof an soak walls and frame house Castranova, Dolj. At the entrance two special beams "cosorbi" with two extended outer ends in the form of horse heads were aimed at defending the house from evil spirits. The house design evolved to combat the harsh winds and big temperature difference between summer and winter. Built C19. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-24.jpg
  • Tree shadows on a wooden vernacular house from. Naruja, Vrancea. Built C19. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-22.jpg
  • Carved gate to Eastern Transylvanian wooden vernacular house Bancu, Harghita, Built: 1862. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-21.jpg
  • Door detail from thatched and painted vernacular house Dumitra, Alba. Built: c19. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-19.jpg
  • Wooden shingle roof of wooden vernacular house built by "Pasco of the Salaje" (county Salaj) in 1775, Berbesti, Maramures. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-09.jpg
  • Wooden shingle roof of wooden vernacular house built by "Pasco of the Salaje" (county Salaj) in 1775, Berbesti, Maramures. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-07.jpg
  • Decorated beam and column of veranda of wooden vernacular house built by "Pasco of the Salaje" (county Salaj) in 1775, Berbesti, Maramures. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-06.jpg
  • St Nicholas Wooden church, from Boncea, Timiseni, Girj. Built from oak beams in 1773. Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum (Muzeul Satului) in Bucharest, Romania
    Village-Museum-Bucharest-01.jpg
  • Kampong Ayer, or the Water Village (Malay: Kampong Ayer) is an area of Brunei's capital city Bandar Seri Begawan that is situated in the middle of the Brunei River. 39,000 people live in the Water Village. This represents roughly ten percent of the nation's total population. All of the Water Village buildings are constructed on stilts above the Brunei River. The Water Village is really made up of small villages linked together by more than 29,140 meters of foot-bridges, consisting of over 4200 structures including homes, mosques, restaurants, shops, schools, and a hospital.
    Bandar-Seri-Begawan-Brunei-19.jpg
  • Kampong Ayer, or the Water Village (Malay: Kampong Ayer) is an area of Brunei's capital city Bandar Seri Begawan that is situated in the middle of the Brunei River. 39,000 people live in the Water Village. This represents roughly ten percent of the nation's total population. All of the Water Village buildings are constructed on stilts above the Brunei River. The Water Village is really made up of small villages linked together by more than 29,140 meters of foot-bridges, consisting of over 4200 structures including homes, mosques, restaurants, shops, schools, and a hospital.
    Bandar-Seri-Begawan-Brunei-18.jpg
  • Kampong Ayer, or the Water Village (Malay: Kampong Ayer) is an area of Brunei's capital city Bandar Seri Begawan that is situated in the middle of the Brunei River. 39,000 people live in the Water Village. This represents roughly ten percent of the nation's total population. All of the Water Village buildings are constructed on stilts above the Brunei River. The Water Village is really made up of small villages linked together by more than 29,140 meters of foot-bridges, consisting of over 4200 structures including homes, mosques, restaurants, shops, schools, and a hospital.
    Bandar-Seri-Begawan-Brunei-17.jpg
  • Kampong Ayer, or the Water Village (Malay: Kampong Ayer) is an area of Brunei's capital city Bandar Seri Begawan that is situated in the middle of the Brunei River. 39,000 people live in the Water Village. This represents roughly ten percent of the nation's total population. All of the Water Village buildings are constructed on stilts above the Brunei River. The Water Village is really made up of small villages linked together by more than 29,140 meters of foot-bridges, consisting of over 4200 structures including homes, mosques, restaurants, shops, schools, and a hospital.
    Bandar-Seri-Begawan-Brunei-16.jpg
  • Kampong Ayer, or the Water Village (Malay: Kampong Ayer) is an area of Brunei's capital city Bandar Seri Begawan that is situated in the middle of the Brunei River. 39,000 people live in the Water Village. This represents roughly ten percent of the nation's total population. All of the Water Village buildings are constructed on stilts above the Brunei River. The Water Village is really made up of small villages linked together by more than 29,140 meters of foot-bridges, consisting of over 4200 structures including homes, mosques, restaurants, shops, schools, and a hospital.
    Bandar-Seri-Begawan-Brunei-15.jpg
  • Kampong Ayer, or the Water Village (Malay: Kampong Ayer) is an area of Brunei's capital city Bandar Seri Begawan that is situated in the middle of the Brunei River. 39,000 people live in the Water Village. This represents roughly ten percent of the nation's total population. All of the Water Village buildings are constructed on stilts above the Brunei River. The Water Village is really made up of small villages linked together by more than 29,140 meters of foot-bridges, consisting of over 4200 structures including homes, mosques, restaurants, shops, schools, and a hospital.
    Bandar-Seri-Begawan-Brunei-12.jpg
  • Kampong Ayer, or the Water Village (Malay: Kampong Ayer) is an area of Brunei's capital city Bandar Seri Begawan that is situated in the middle of the Brunei River. 39,000 people live in the Water Village. This represents roughly ten percent of the nation's total population. All of the Water Village buildings are constructed on stilts above the Brunei River. The Water Village is really made up of small villages linked together by more than 29,140 meters of foot-bridges, consisting of over 4200 structures including homes, mosques, restaurants, shops, schools, and a hospital.
    Bandar-Seri-Begawan-Brunei-09.jpg
  • Kampong Ayer, or the Water Village (Malay: Kampong Ayer) is an area of Brunei's capital city Bandar Seri Begawan that is situated in the middle of the Brunei River. 39,000 people live in the Water Village. This represents roughly ten percent of the nation's total population. All of the Water Village buildings are constructed on stilts above the Brunei River. The Water Village is really made up of small villages linked together by more than 29,140 meters of foot-bridges, consisting of over 4200 structures including homes, mosques, restaurants, shops, schools, and a hospital.
    Bandar-Seri-Begawan-Brunei-07.jpg
  • Kampong Ayer, or the Water Village (Malay: Kampong Ayer) is an area of Brunei's capital city Bandar Seri Begawan that is situated in the middle of the Brunei River. 39,000 people live in the Water Village. This represents roughly ten percent of the nation's total population. All of the Water Village buildings are constructed on stilts above the Brunei River. The Water Village is really made up of small villages linked together by more than 29,140 meters of foot-bridges, consisting of over 4200 structures including homes, mosques, restaurants, shops, schools, and a hospital.
    Bandar-Seri-Begawan-Brunei-11.jpg
  • Kampong Ayer, or the Water Village (Malay: Kampong Ayer) is an area of Brunei's capital city Bandar Seri Begawan that is situated in the middle of the Brunei River. 39,000 people live in the Water Village. This represents roughly ten percent of the nation's total population. All of the Water Village buildings are constructed on stilts above the Brunei River. The Water Village is really made up of small villages linked together by more than 29,140 meters of foot-bridges, consisting of over 4200 structures including homes, mosques, restaurants, shops, schools, and a hospital.
    Bandar-Seri-Begawan-Brunei-10.jpg
  • Kampong Ayer, or the Water Village (Malay: Kampong Ayer) is an area of Brunei's capital city Bandar Seri Begawan that is situated in the middle of the Brunei River. 39,000 people live in the Water Village. This represents roughly ten percent of the nation's total population. All of the Water Village buildings are constructed on stilts above the Brunei River. The Water Village is really made up of small villages linked together by more than 29,140 meters of foot-bridges, consisting of over 4200 structures including homes, mosques, restaurants, shops, schools, and a hospital.
    Bandar-Seri-Begawan-Brunei-08.jpg
  • Portmeirion village. Designed and built by Sir Clough Williams-Ellis between 1925 and 1975 in the style of an Italian village, Gwynedd.
    130-Harlech-Criccieth-08.jpg
  • Dramatic storm clouds above the Cotswold village of Broadway, England
    Cotswold-Way-Day-10-05.jpg
  • "The manor", Church Street in the village of Wanlockhead, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. The sign on the wall says The Manor, the date above the door is 1989.
    Southern-Uplands-Buildings-12.jpg
  • Dramatic storm clouds above the Cotswold village of Broadway, England
    Cotswold-Way-Day-10-06.jpg
  • "The manor", Church Street in the village of Wanlockhead, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. The sign on the wall says The Manor, the date above the door is 1989.
    Southern-Uplands-Buildings-13.jpg
  • Village of floating houses and marine aquaculture in front of a Limestone karst in Ha Long Bay, near Cat Ba Island, Vietnam
    Ha-Long-Bay-Cat-Ba-Vietnam-10.jpg
  • Dramatic storm clouds above the Cotswold village of Braodway, England
    Cotswold-Way-Day-10-08.jpg
  • Dramatic storm clouds above the Cotswold village of Broadway, England
    Cotswold-Way-Day-10-07.jpg
  • Portlethen Village, Aberdeenshire, Scotland.
    350-FindonNess-DowniePoint-01.jpg
  • Forvie Church of St Adamnan I, built in the 12th-century. The village of Forvie was abandoned in the 15th century having been overcome by sand dunes, Aberdeenshire, Scotland.
    348-HellsHole-Aberdeen-04.jpg
  • Badbea Clearance Village VI, Berriedale, Caithness, Scotland.
    326-Borgue-Lothmore-14.jpg
  • Badbea Clearance Village V, Berriedale, Caithness, Scotland.
    326-Borgue-Lothmore-13.jpg
  • Badbea Clearance Village I, Berriedale, Caithness, Scotland.
    326-Borgue-Lothmore-09.jpg
  • Auliston clearance village II (Plow Mouldboard), Morvern, Highland, Scotland.
    253-Auliston-CamasFearna-03.jpg
  • Auliston clearance village I, Morvern, Highland, Scotland.
    253-Auliston-CamasFearna-02.jpg
  • Lysaght Village, Taylor Wimpey development, Newport, Gwent.
    096-Caldicot-Newport-11.jpg
  • Damaged Icon of St Marina (detail), 1640, Church of St Athanasius from the village of Byalopolyane Regional Historical Museum, Kardzhali. Alexander Nevsky Crypt Icon museum, Sofia, Bulgaria
    Faceless-Icons-Sofia-02.jpg
  • Side elevation of collapsed stilt house in the Water Village, Kampung Buli Sim Sim, Sandakan, Sabah
    Sandakan-Sabah-Borneo-10.jpg
  • Row of wooden stilt houses in the Water Village, Kampung Buli Sim Sim, Sandakan, Sabah
    Sandakan-Sabah-Borneo-08.jpg
  • Row of wooden stilt houses in the Water Village, Kampung Buli Sim Sim, Sandakan, Sabah
    Sandakan-Sabah-Borneo-07.jpg
  • Side elevation of wooden stilt house in the Water Village, Kampung Buli Sim Sim, Sandakan, Sabah
    Sandakan-Sabah-Borneo-06.jpg
  • Detail of balcony of wooden stilt house in the Water Village, Kampung Buli Sim Sim, Sandakan, Sabah
    Sandakan-Sabah-Borneo-04.jpg
  • Badbea Clearance Village VII, Berriedale, Caithness, Scotland.
    326-Borgue-Lothmore-15.jpg
  • Badbea Clearance Village III, Berriedale, Caithness, Scotland.
    326-Borgue-Lothmore-10.jpg
  • Badbea Clearance Village IV, Berriedale, Caithness, Scotland.
    326-Borgue-Lothmore-12.jpg
  • Badbea Clearance Village IIII, Berriedale, Caithness, Scotland.
    326-Borgue-Lothmore-11.jpg
  • Badbea clearance village on the distant cliff tops from Cnoc na Croiche, Berriedale, Caithness, Scotland.
    326-Borgue-Lothmore-08.jpg
  • Auliston clearance village V, Morvern, Highland, Scotland.
    253-Auliston-CamasFearna-06.jpg
  • Auliston clearance village III, Morvern, Highland, Scotland.
    253-Auliston-CamasFearna-04.jpg
  • Auliston clearance village IV, Morvern, Highland, Scotland.
    253-Auliston-CamasFearna-05.jpg
  • Burnt Icon of St Mina (detail), 17th Century, Church of St Athanasius from the village of Byalopolyane Regional Historical Museum, Kardzhali. Alexander Nevsky Crypt Icon museum, Sofia, Bulgaria
    Faceless-Icons-Sofia-04.jpg
  • Defaced Christ Pantokrator (detail), 17th Century, Village Balgarevo, Burgas District. Alexander Nevsky Crypt Icon museum, Sofia, Bulgaria
    Faceless-Icons-Sofia-03.jpg
  • Side elevation of wooden stilt house in the Water Village, Kampung Buli Sim Sim, Sandakan, Sabah
    Sandakan-Sabah-Borneo-09.jpg
  • Side elevation of wooden stilt house in the Water Village, Kampung Buli Sim Sim, Sandakan, Sabah
    Sandakan-Sabah-Borneo-05.jpg
  • Wooden stilt house in the Water Village, Kampung Buli Sim Sim, Sandakan, Sabah
    Sandakan-Sabah-Borneo-03.jpg
  • Water Village, Chinese temple and apartment blocks, in Kampung Buli Sim Sim, Sandakan, Sabah
    Sandakan-Sabah-Borneo-02.jpg
  • Water Village in Kampung Buli Sim Sim in front of apartment blocks, Sandakan, Sabah
    Sandakan-Sabah-Borneo-01.jpg
  • The communal house is the most important building in a Bahnar village. Traditionally, communal houses serve as meeting halls for the men in the village and as places where rituals, celebrations, and preparation for war or defense of the village take place. This house was built after the model of the 20th century communal house of Kon Rbang village (Vinh Quang commune, Kontum Town, Kontum Province). This model house in Kon Rbang is the only one that maintains the traditional system of building with poles and beams, which has existed for over 70 years in the Central Highlands. In order to create a traditional communal house untouched by modernization, museum researchers worked closely with villagers and consulted old photographs to better understand the traditional model. The form, size, and structure of the museum's communal house replicate those found in the village now, though the house you see here has restored many of the traditional features that have been lost in today's village houses. The roof here is made of straw rather than corrugated iron. The rafters are made of circle-shaped pieces of wood rather than square ones. The floor is made of bamboo rather than wooden planks. The stairs are rounded pieces of wood rather than cement. The wood, bamboo, rattan, and straw used for making the house were brought from the Central Highlands. The diameter of the largest poles is 60cm. The length of the beams is 14-15 m. The height of the roof is nearly 19m including the decorative frame, with each of the principal roof beams about 13m long. The 90m2 floor is elevated 3m above the ground and accessed by four sets of stairs. The Vietnam Museum of Ethnology invited 29 Bahnar people from Kon Rbang to construct the house on the museum grounds. The first poles were erected on April 26, 2003. On June 4, 2003, the house was fully completed. Visitors to the VME now have the rare opportunity of experiencing this unique architectural style first-hand and appreciating the tradition
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-25.jpg
  • The communal house is the most important building in a Bahnar village. Traditionally, communal houses serve as meeting halls for the men in the village and as places where rituals, celebrations, and preparation for war or defense of the village take place. This house was built after the model of the 20th century communal house of Kon Rbang village (Vinh Quang commune, Kontum Town, Kontum Province). This model house in Kon Rbang is the only one that maintains the traditional system of building with poles and beams, which has existed for over 70 years in the Central Highlands. In order to create a traditional communal house untouched by modernization, museum researchers worked closely with villagers and consulted old photographs to better understand the traditional model. The form, size, and structure of the museum's communal house replicate those found in the village now, though the house you see here has restored many of the traditional features that have been lost in today's village houses. The roof here is made of straw rather than corrugated iron. The rafters are made of circle-shaped pieces of wood rather than square ones. The floor is made of bamboo rather than wooden planks. The stairs are rounded pieces of wood rather than cement. The wood, bamboo, rattan, and straw used for making the house were brought from the Central Highlands. The diameter of the largest poles is 60cm. The length of the beams is 14-15 m. The height of the roof is nearly 19m including the decorative frame, with each of the principal roof beams about 13m long. The 90m2 floor is elevated 3m above the ground and accessed by four sets of stairs. The Vietnam Museum of Ethnology invited 29 Bahnar people from Kon Rbang to construct the house on the museum grounds. The first poles were erected on April 26, 2003. On June 4, 2003, the house was fully completed. Visitors to the VME now have the rare opportunity of experiencing this unique architectural style first-hand and appreciating the tradition
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-24.jpg
  • Kampong Ayer, or the Water Village (Malay: Kampong Ayer) is an area of Brunei's capital city Bandar Seri Begawan that is situated in the middle of the Brunei River. 39,000 people live in the Water Village. This represents roughly ten percent of the nation's total population. All of the Water Village buildings are constructed on stilts above the Brunei River. The Water Village is really made up of small villages linked together by more than 29,140 meters of foot-bridges, consisting of over 4200 structures including homes, mosques, restaurants, shops, schools, and a hospital.
    Bandar-Seri-Begawan-Brunei-14.jpg
  • Kampong Ayer, or the Water Village (Malay: Kampong Ayer) is an area of Brunei's capital city Bandar Seri Begawan that is situated in the middle of the Brunei River. 39,000 people live in the Water Village. This represents roughly ten percent of the nation's total population. All of the Water Village buildings are constructed on stilts above the Brunei River. The Water Village is really made up of small villages linked together by more than 29,140 meters of foot-bridges, consisting of over 4200 structures including homes, mosques, restaurants, shops, schools, and a hospital.
    Bandar-Seri-Begawan-Brunei-13.jpg
  • This house was built in 1984 by father of the last owner, Mr. Thao Phang Khay (born in 1972), of De Cho Chua A village, Pung Luong commune, Mu Cang Chai district, Yen Bai province. This was the home of a family of four. Hmong houses are built of wood, directly on the ground. For the flower Hmong of Mu Cang Chai, the wood must be that of the po mu tree (visible growing behind this house). House-building is men's work. Only axes and knives are used as tools, and all of the pieces are lashed together. This house was reconstructed at the museum in six days in 1999, by a group of seven Hmong villagers.
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-33.jpg
  • This house was built in 1984 by father of the last owner, Mr. Thao Phang Khay (born in 1972), of De Cho Chua A village, Pung Luong commune, Mu Cang Chai district, Yen Bai province. This was the home of a family of four. Hmong houses are built of wood, directly on the ground. For the flower Hmong of Mu Cang Chai, the wood must be that of the po mu tree (visible growing behind this house). House-building is men's work. Only axes and knives are used as tools, and all of the pieces are lashed together. This house was reconstructed at the museum in six days in 1999, by a group of seven Hmong villagers.
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-32.jpg
  • This house was built in 1984 by father of the last owner, Mr. Thao Phang Khay (born in 1972), of De Cho Chua A village, Pung Luong commune, Mu Cang Chai district, Yen Bai province. This was the home of a family of four. Hmong houses are built of wood, directly on the ground. For the flower Hmong of Mu Cang Chai, the wood must be that of the po mu tree (visible growing behind this house). House-building is men's work. Only axes and knives are used as tools, and all of the pieces are lashed together. This house was reconstructed at the museum in six days in 1999, by a group of seven Hmong villagers.
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-31.jpg
  • This house was built in 1984 by father of the last owner, Mr. Thao Phang Khay (born in 1972), of De Cho Chua A village, Pung Luong commune, Mu Cang Chai district, Yen Bai province. This was the home of a family of four. Hmong houses are built of wood, directly on the ground. For the flower Hmong of Mu Cang Chai, the wood must be that of the po mu tree (visible growing behind this house). House-building is men's work. Only axes and knives are used as tools, and all of the pieces are lashed together. This house was reconstructed at the museum in six days in 1999, by a group of seven Hmong villagers.
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-34.jpg
  • Built in 1998 by Rchom Ju, Rchom Ek, Rchom Uek, Ksor Ul, and Ksor Ka-ro (Giarai Arap group), from Mrong Ngo village, Ia Ka commune, Chu Pa district, Gia Lai province. The most prominent decorations on the Giarai tomb are large wooden sculptures carved from tree trunks using adzes, cutlasses and knives. Carvings of sexually-explicit men and women and pregnant women symbolise fertility and birth. Other carvings of seated children (often placed at the four corners), animals, and everyday people are the 'servants' of the dead in the afterlife. Broken or inverted serving dishes, bottles, cups and trays, and wooden models of tools are placed inside the tomb to provide the deceased with the necessities they will need in the other world. The tomb's wooden roof is covered with a tightly plaited bamboo matting. Men join together to embellish this with delicate, curvilinear designs painted with natural red pigments. Crowning the roof is an intricately carved openwork panel depicting the rituals that accompany the tomb and its abandonment ceremony. Once the ceremony is concluded, the tomb will be abandoned to fall to pieces.
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-22.jpg
  • One of the most characteristic tangible cultural heritages of the Cham and also one of the most sensitive to change is their house. The Cham build their houses on the ground and arrange them in orderly rows. Their houses are surrounded by a garden with a wall or hedge. The doors open to the south-west or between. The architectural style is similar to that of the Viet with walls made of brick or a mixture of lime and shells, and covered with tiles or thatch. Houses of more than one storey are rare. In certain localities, houses on stilts are found but the floor is only 30 cm above the ground. The rooms of Cham houses are arranged according to a particular order: the sitting room, rooms for the parents, children, and married women, the kitchen and ware- house (including the granary), and the nuptial room for the youngest daughter. This arrangement reflects the break-up of the matrilineal extended family system among the Cham. The Cham living in Ninh Thuan and Binh Thuan believe that they have to perform certain religious rituals before the building of a new house, particularly praying for the Land God and asking for his permission to cut down trees in the forest. A ritual is also held to receive the trees when they are transported to the village. A ground-breaking ceremony called phat moc is also held. The precinct of the Cham traditional house is the residence site of a Cham family. It is an assembly of several houses with different functions and these houses relate closely with each others.
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-09.jpg
  • One of the most characteristic tangible cultural heritages of the Cham and also one of the most sensitive to change is their house. The Cham build their houses on the ground and arrange them in orderly rows. Their houses are surrounded by a garden with a wall or hedge. The doors open to the south-west or between. The architectural style is similar to that of the Viet with walls made of brick or a mixture of lime and shells, and covered with tiles or thatch. Houses of more than one storey are rare. In certain localities, houses on stilts are found but the floor is only 30 cm above the ground. The rooms of Cham houses are arranged according to a particular order: the sitting room, rooms for the parents, children, and married women, the kitchen and ware- house (including the granary), and the nuptial room for the youngest daughter. This arrangement reflects the break-up of the matrilineal extended family system among the Cham. The Cham living in Ninh Thuan and Binh Thuan believe that they have to perform certain religious rituals before the building of a new house, particularly praying for the Land God and asking for his permission to cut down trees in the forest. A ritual is also held to receive the trees when they are transported to the village. A ground-breaking ceremony called phat moc is also held. The precinct of the Cham traditional house is the residence site of a Cham family. It is an assembly of several houses with different functions and these houses relate closely with each others.
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-06.jpg
  • One of the most characteristic tangible cultural heritages of the Cham and also one of the most sensitive to change is their house. The Cham build their houses on the ground and arrange them in orderly rows. Their houses are surrounded by a garden with a wall or hedge. The doors open to the south-west or between. The architectural style is similar to that of the Viet with walls made of brick or a mixture of lime and shells, and covered with tiles or thatch. Houses of more than one storey are rare. In certain localities, houses on stilts are found but the floor is only 30 cm above the ground. The rooms of Cham houses are arranged according to a particular order: the sitting room, rooms for the parents, children, and married women, the kitchen and ware- house (including the granary), and the nuptial room for the youngest daughter. This arrangement reflects the break-up of the matrilineal extended family system among the Cham. The Cham living in Ninh Thuan and Binh Thuan believe that they have to perform certain religious rituals before the building of a new house, particularly praying for the Land God and asking for his permission to cut down trees in the forest. A ritual is also held to receive the trees when they are transported to the village. A ground-breaking ceremony called phat moc is also held. The precinct of the Cham traditional house is the residence site of a Cham family. It is an assembly of several houses with different functions and these houses relate closely with each others.
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-05.jpg
  • One of the most characteristic tangible cultural heritages of the Cham and also one of the most sensitive to change is their house. The Cham build their houses on the ground and arrange them in orderly rows. Their houses are surrounded by a garden with a wall or hedge. The doors open to the south-west or between. The architectural style is similar to that of the Viet with walls made of brick or a mixture of lime and shells, and covered with tiles or thatch. Houses of more than one storey are rare. In certain localities, houses on stilts are found but the floor is only 30 cm above the ground. The rooms of Cham houses are arranged according to a particular order: the sitting room, rooms for the parents, children, and married women, the kitchen and ware- house (including the granary), and the nuptial room for the youngest daughter. This arrangement reflects the break-up of the matrilineal extended family system among the Cham. The Cham living in Ninh Thuan and Binh Thuan believe that they have to perform certain religious rituals before the building of a new house, particularly praying for the Land God and asking for his permission to cut down trees in the forest. A ritual is also held to receive the trees when they are transported to the village. A ground-breaking ceremony called phat moc is also held. The precinct of the Cham traditional house is the residence site of a Cham family. It is an assembly of several houses with different functions and these houses relate closely with each others.
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-04.jpg
  • The most identifiable landmark in the village of Painswick is the parish church of St. Mary's dating to the early Norman period. The churchyard's clipped yew trees are another feature of the town...Evidence suggests that the church was built between 1042 and 1066. Looking closely at the tower, you'll see the scars of cannonballs left by a bombardment during the Civil War. Parliamentary troops took refuge in the church, but they were forced out by a combination of cannon fire and burning torches wielded by Royalist soldiers...Passing through the half-timbered lych-gate -- a roofed entry to the churchyard -- is the graveyard, the final resting place of rich wool merchants and the yew trees that draw the most attention. The church is also open for tour...There are two legends surrounding the yews. One legend says that the trees are uncountable, the other, that there are 99 trees, and if a hundredth was to be planted, the devil would pull it out...Every year, on the nearest Sunday to September 19, the "clipping the church" takes place. Local children wear flowers in their hair, join hands and embrace the church.
    Cotswold-Way-5-18.jpg
  • The most identifiable landmark in the village of Painswick is the parish church of St. Mary's dating to the early Norman period. The churchyard's clipped yew trees are another feature of the town...Evidence suggests that the church was built between 1042 and 1066. Looking closely at the tower, you'll see the scars of cannonballs left by a bombardment during the Civil War. Parliamentary troops took refuge in the church, but they were forced out by a combination of cannon fire and burning torches wielded by Royalist soldiers...Passing through the half-timbered lych-gate -- a roofed entry to the churchyard -- is the graveyard, the final resting place of rich wool merchants and the yew trees that draw the most attention. The church is also open for tour...There are two legends surrounding the yews. One legend says that the trees are uncountable, the other, that there are 99 trees, and if a hundredth was to be planted, the devil would pull it out...Every year, on the nearest Sunday to September 19, the "clipping the church" takes place. Local children wear flowers in their hair, join hands and embrace the church.
    Cotswold-Way-5-15.jpg
  • A woman chops wood as a truck drives past  in a village on a corner of the Interoceanic Highway in the Amazon.
    IOH_Document_QL-36.tif
  • Mary Stanford Lifeboat house, Winchelsea beach, Sussex.  On 15 November 1928 while attempting a rescue in gale force winds the whole of the 17-man crew of the Mary Stanford Lifeboat were drowned, practically the whole male fishing population of the village of Rye Harbour.
    Sussex-Print -04.jpg
  • Mary Stanford Lifeboat house, Winchelsea beach, Sussex.  On 15 November 1928 while attempting a rescue in gale force winds the whole of the 17-man crew of the Mary Stanford Lifeboat were drowned, practically the whole male fishing population of the village of Rye Harbour.
    015-Rye-Hastings-04.jpg
  • Built in 1998 by Rchom Ju, Rchom Ek, Rchom Uek, Ksor Ul, and Ksor Ka-ro (Giarai Arap group), from Mrong Ngo village, Ia Ka commune, Chu Pa district, Gia Lai province. The most prominent decorations on the Giarai tomb are large wooden sculptures carved from tree trunks using adzes, cutlasses and knives. Carvings of sexually-explicit men and women and pregnant women symbolise fertility and birth. Other carvings of seated children (often placed at the four corners), animals, and everyday people are the 'servants' of the dead in the afterlife. Broken or inverted serving dishes, bottles, cups and trays, and wooden models of tools are placed inside the tomb to provide the deceased with the necessities they will need in the other world. The tomb's wooden roof is covered with a tightly plaited bamboo matting. Men join together to embellish this with delicate, curvilinear designs painted with natural red pigments. Crowning the roof is an intricately carved openwork panel depicting the rituals that accompany the tomb and its abandonment ceremony. Once the ceremony is concluded, the tomb will be abandoned to fall to pieces.
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-23.jpg
  • Built in 1998 by Rchom Ju, Rchom Ek, Rchom Uek, Ksor Ul, and Ksor Ka-ro (Giarai Arap group), from Mrong Ngo village, Ia Ka commune, Chu Pa district, Gia Lai province. The most prominent decorations on the Giarai tomb are large wooden sculptures carved from tree trunks using adzes, cutlasses and knives. Carvings of sexually-explicit men and women and pregnant women symbolise fertility and birth. Other carvings of seated children (often placed at the four corners), animals, and everyday people are the 'servants' of the dead in the afterlife. Broken or inverted serving dishes, bottles, cups and trays, and wooden models of tools are placed inside the tomb to provide the deceased with the necessities they will need in the other world. The tomb's wooden roof is covered with a tightly plaited bamboo matting. Men join together to embellish this with delicate, curvilinear designs painted with natural red pigments. Crowning the roof is an intricately carved openwork panel depicting the rituals that accompany the tomb and its abandonment ceremony. Once the ceremony is concluded, the tomb will be abandoned to fall to pieces.
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-21.jpg
  • One of the most characteristic tangible cultural heritages of the Cham and also one of the most sensitive to change is their house. The Cham build their houses on the ground and arrange them in orderly rows. Their houses are surrounded by a garden with a wall or hedge. The doors open to the south-west or between. The architectural style is similar to that of the Viet with walls made of brick or a mixture of lime and shells, and covered with tiles or thatch. Houses of more than one storey are rare. In certain localities, houses on stilts are found but the floor is only 30 cm above the ground. The rooms of Cham houses are arranged according to a particular order: the sitting room, rooms for the parents, children, and married women, the kitchen and ware- house (including the granary), and the nuptial room for the youngest daughter. This arrangement reflects the break-up of the matrilineal extended family system among the Cham. The Cham living in Ninh Thuan and Binh Thuan believe that they have to perform certain religious rituals before the building of a new house, particularly praying for the Land God and asking for his permission to cut down trees in the forest. A ritual is also held to receive the trees when they are transported to the village. A ground-breaking ceremony called phat moc is also held. The precinct of the Cham traditional house is the residence site of a Cham family. It is an assembly of several houses with different functions and these houses relate closely with each others.
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-08.jpg
  • One of the most characteristic tangible cultural heritages of the Cham and also one of the most sensitive to change is their house. The Cham build their houses on the ground and arrange them in orderly rows. Their houses are surrounded by a garden with a wall or hedge. The doors open to the south-west or between. The architectural style is similar to that of the Viet with walls made of brick or a mixture of lime and shells, and covered with tiles or thatch. Houses of more than one storey are rare. In certain localities, houses on stilts are found but the floor is only 30 cm above the ground. The rooms of Cham houses are arranged according to a particular order: the sitting room, rooms for the parents, children, and married women, the kitchen and ware- house (including the granary), and the nuptial room for the youngest daughter. This arrangement reflects the break-up of the matrilineal extended family system among the Cham. The Cham living in Ninh Thuan and Binh Thuan believe that they have to perform certain religious rituals before the building of a new house, particularly praying for the Land God and asking for his permission to cut down trees in the forest. A ritual is also held to receive the trees when they are transported to the village. A ground-breaking ceremony called phat moc is also held. The precinct of the Cham traditional house is the residence site of a Cham family. It is an assembly of several houses with different functions and these houses relate closely with each others.
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-07.jpg
  • One of the most characteristic tangible cultural heritages of the Cham and also one of the most sensitive to change is their house. The Cham build their houses on the ground and arrange them in orderly rows. Their houses are surrounded by a garden with a wall or hedge. The doors open to the south-west or between. The architectural style is similar to that of the Viet with walls made of brick or a mixture of lime and shells, and covered with tiles or thatch. Houses of more than one storey are rare. In certain localities, houses on stilts are found but the floor is only 30 cm above the ground. The rooms of Cham houses are arranged according to a particular order: the sitting room, rooms for the parents, children, and married women, the kitchen and ware- house (including the granary), and the nuptial room for the youngest daughter. This arrangement reflects the break-up of the matrilineal extended family system among the Cham. The Cham living in Ninh Thuan and Binh Thuan believe that they have to perform certain religious rituals before the building of a new house, particularly praying for the Land God and asking for his permission to cut down trees in the forest. A ritual is also held to receive the trees when they are transported to the village. A ground-breaking ceremony called phat moc is also held. The precinct of the Cham traditional house is the residence site of a Cham family. It is an assembly of several houses with different functions and these houses relate closely with each others.
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-03.jpg
  • One of the most characteristic tangible cultural heritages of the Cham and also one of the most sensitive to change is their house. The Cham build their houses on the ground and arrange them in orderly rows. Their houses are surrounded by a garden with a wall or hedge. The doors open to the south-west or between. The architectural style is similar to that of the Viet with walls made of brick or a mixture of lime and shells, and covered with tiles or thatch. Houses of more than one storey are rare. In certain localities, houses on stilts are found but the floor is only 30 cm above the ground. The rooms of Cham houses are arranged according to a particular order: the sitting room, rooms for the parents, children, and married women, the kitchen and ware- house (including the granary), and the nuptial room for the youngest daughter. This arrangement reflects the break-up of the matrilineal extended family system among the Cham. The Cham living in Ninh Thuan and Binh Thuan believe that they have to perform certain religious rituals before the building of a new house, particularly praying for the Land God and asking for his permission to cut down trees in the forest. A ritual is also held to receive the trees when they are transported to the village. A ground-breaking ceremony called phat moc is also held. The precinct of the Cham traditional house is the residence site of a Cham family. It is an assembly of several houses with different functions and these houses relate closely with each others.
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-02.jpg
  • One of the most characteristic tangible cultural heritages of the Cham and also one of the most sensitive to change is their house. The Cham build their houses on the ground and arrange them in orderly rows. Their houses are surrounded by a garden with a wall or hedge. The doors open to the south-west or between. The architectural style is similar to that of the Viet with walls made of brick or a mixture of lime and shells, and covered with tiles or thatch. Houses of more than one storey are rare. In certain localities, houses on stilts are found but the floor is only 30 cm above the ground. The rooms of Cham houses are arranged according to a particular order: the sitting room, rooms for the parents, children, and married women, the kitchen and ware- house (including the granary), and the nuptial room for the youngest daughter. This arrangement reflects the break-up of the matrilineal extended family system among the Cham. The Cham living in Ninh Thuan and Binh Thuan believe that they have to perform certain religious rituals before the building of a new house, particularly praying for the Land God and asking for his permission to cut down trees in the forest. A ritual is also held to receive the trees when they are transported to the village. A ground-breaking ceremony called phat moc is also held. The precinct of the Cham traditional house is the residence site of a Cham family. It is an assembly of several houses with different functions and these houses relate closely with each others.
    Vietnamese-Museum-of-Ethnology-01.jpg
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